When it comes to exfoliation, not all acids are the same. You’ve probably heard of AHA, BHA, and PHA — three categories of exfoliating acids commonly used in skincare. Each works in a slightly different way and suits different skin types. Understanding the differences will help you choose the best option for your skin.
At BATHEIA, we use these actives thoughtfully, always balancing them with soothing and barrier-supporting ingredients like niacinamide and ceramides — so your skin gets results without irritation.
What Are AHAs? (Alpha Hydroxy Acids)
AHAs are water-soluble acids usually derived from fruits and milk sugars. They work on the surface of the skin, dissolving the bonds that hold dead skin cells together.
Common AHAs include: glycolic acid, lactic acid, mandelic acid.
Benefits of AHAs:
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Brighten dull skin
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Smooth fine lines and uneven texture
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Fade dark spots and hyperpigmentation
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Improve overall radiance
Best for:
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Normal to dry skin types
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People with sun damage, pigmentation, or early signs of ageing
What Are BHAs? (Beta Hydroxy Acids)
BHAs are oil-soluble acids, which means they can penetrate deep into pores to dissolve excess sebum and dead skin. The most common and effective BHA is salicylic acid.
Benefits of BHAs:
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Clear clogged pores and blackheads
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Reduce acne and breakouts
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Calm redness and inflammation
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Improve texture in oily, blemish-prone skin
Best for:
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Oily and acne-prone skin
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People with blackheads, whiteheads, or keratosis pilaris (strawberry skin)
At BATHEIA, our 2% Salicylic Acid Exfoliating Body Wash (pH 4.1) is optimised for acne and strawberry skin, while still being gentle enough for regular use.
What Are PHAs? (Polyhydroxy Acids)
PHAs are the gentlest of the three. They work on the surface like AHAs, but with a larger molecular size, which means they absorb more slowly into the skin and cause less irritation.
Common PHAs include: gluconolactone, lactobionic acid.
Benefits of PHAs:
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Gentle exfoliation without irritation
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Improve hydration (they’re humectants)
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Strengthen skin barrier
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Suitable for sensitive or compromised skin
Best for:
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Sensitive skin
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People new to chemical exfoliation
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Those already using strong actives (like retinol) who want a gentle boost
How to Choose: AHA vs BHA vs PHA
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Dry, dull, or ageing skin? → AHA is your go-to for glow and smoothness.
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Oily, acne-prone, or textured skin? → BHA (Salicylic Acid) works best inside pores.
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Sensitive or easily irritated skin? → PHA gives a gentle, hydrating exfoliation.
The BATHEIA Approach
Exfoliation should never come at the expense of your skin barrier. That’s why BATHEIA products pair AHA, BHA, or PHA with niacinamide, ceramides, and soothing botanicals — ensuring your skin gets both the clarity of exfoliation and the comfort of barrier support.
Whether you’re targeting acne, pigmentation, or just want smoother skin, BATHEIA helps you find balance: effective science-backed actives with a calming, luxurious touch.
Key Takeaway
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AHA → Surface exfoliation for dry/ageing skin
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BHA → Deep pore-clearing for oily/acne-prone skin
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PHA → Gentle exfoliation for sensitive skin
The right acid for you depends on your skin type and concerns. But whichever you choose, pairing exfoliation with barrier care is essential — and that’s exactly what BATHEIA delivers.